a Scottish publisher, known for the authors it has published in its long history including Jane Austen, Sir Arthur Conan Doyle, Lord Byron, Charles Lyell, Johann Wolfgang von Goethe, Herman Melville, Edward Whymper, Thomas Malthus, David Ricardo, and Charles Darwin. Since 2004, it has been owned by conglomerate Lagardère under the Hachette UK brand.
a British writer and physician. He created the character Sherlock Holmes in 1887 for A Study in Scarlet, the first of four novels and fifty-six short stories about Holmes and Dr. Watson. The Sherlock Holmes stories are milestones in the field of crime fiction.
was the wife of George Washington, the first president of the United States. Although the title was not coined until after her death, she served as the inaugural first lady of the United States, defining the role of the president's wife and setting many precedents that future first ladies would observe. During her tenure, she was referred to as "Lady Washington". Washington is consistently ranked in the upper half of first ladies by historians.
a British[a] actress. Recognised as a film and fashion icon, she was ranked by the American Film Institute as the third-greatest female screen legend from the Classical Hollywood cinema and was inducted into the International Best Dressed Hall of Fame List.
Patrick Mahomes II is an American professional football quarterback for the Kansas City Chiefs of the National Football League (NFL). Born on September 17, 1995, in Tyler, Texas, Mahomes is recognized for his outstanding play, unique throwing style, and leadership on the field.
The influence of culture on intelligence and the potential cultural biases in IQ tests are important topics within cultural and cross-cultural psychology. Researchers investigate how cultural factors shape cognitive abilities and explore culturally fair assessment strategies.
Neuropsychologists explore the relationship between brain functioning and cognitive abilities, including intelligence. IQ tests can provide insights into specific cognitive strengths and weaknesses associated with neurological conditions or brain injuries.
This branch of psychology focuses on individual differences, including variations in intelligence. Researchers in differential psychology examine factors such as genetics, environment, and socio-cultural influences on intelligence and its measurement.
IQ tests are frequently employed in educational settings to assess students' cognitive abilities and identify their strengths and weaknesses. Educational psychologists use IQ test results to guide educational interventions and support tailored learning approaches.
The field of developmental psychology examines how intelligence and cognitive abilities change and develop over the lifespan. IQ tests are often used to track cognitive growth and identify developmental delays or giftedness in children.
The study of cognitive processes, such as attention, memory, perception, and problem-solving, is closely linked to understanding intelligence and the abilities assessed by IQ tests.
This field focuses on the measurement of psychological attributes, including intelligence. Psychometricians develop and analyze the statistical properties of IQ tests, such as reliability and validity, to ensure their accuracy and usefulness.
Created by Colin D. Elliott, this test is designed to assess cognitive abilities in children and provides a comprehensive profile of intellectual strengths and weaknesses.
Developed by Alan S. Kaufman and Nadeen L. Kaufman, this test assesses cognitive abilities in children and incorporates both traditional and innovative assessment techniques.
Developed by Richard W. Woodcock and Mary E. Bonner Johnson, this comprehensive battery of tests measures cognitive abilities in children and adults across different domains.
Developed by Raymond Cattell, this test focuses on measuring general intelligence and is designed to minimize cultural biases. It emphasizes non-verbal reasoning abilities.
Also developed by David Wechsler, this test is specifically designed for children and measures their cognitive abilities in similar domains as the WAIS.
Developed by David Wechsler, this test is designed to measure cognitive abilities in adults. It assesses various domains, including verbal comprehension, perceptual reasoning, working memory, and processing speed.
Revised and standardized by Lewis Terman at Stanford University, this test expanded on the Binet-Simon Scale and became one of the most widely used intelligence tests worldwide.
Developed by Alfred Binet and Theodore Simon in the early 20th century, this was one of the first practical intelligence tests. It focused on assessing cognitive abilities in children and identifying those in need of educational support.
American psychologist who proposed the structure-of-intellect theory, which outlined various cognitive abilities and provided a framework for understanding intelligence beyond traditional IQ measures. Guilford's work influenced the development of alternative intelligence tests.
British-American psychologist who expanded on Spearman's work and introduced the concept of fluid and crystallized intelligence. Cattell's research contributed to the development of new theories and tests of intelligence.
British psychologist who proposed the concept of general intelligence, also known as the "g" factor. Spearman's research laid the foundation for understanding the structure of intelligence and influenced the development of IQ tests.
